Saturday, May 17, 2014

Science Fiction Narrative

For my humanities Unit 6 Assessment, I had to write a science fiction narrative that explores a conflict related to evolution or genetics. I also had to pick a specific audience I wanted my science fiction narrative to impact. The audience I picked for my narrative are people who have prejudices against others for things they can't help or aren't harming anyone. Being angry about someone or believing they are beneath you solves nothing and only causes more problems. I hope my narrative might show this aspect of prejudice and have some influence on people who are upset because of the way other people are, even if it has no effect on them. Here's my narrative if you wish to read it:

A Fish is a Fish
                Amanda Trent
4/20/14

            My brother stood facing away from me, his back dowsed in shadows as the fire in front of him crackled and sparks lifted into the night air. I could see him trembling as we heard the screams coming from our camp site. “Run.” I stared at him dumb founded. Maybe I misheard him, but I guess not; he repeated himself again, with the same careless tone. I felt anger bubble and overflow in my chest with painful pressure, an acidic flavor stained my tongue. Run? After all we’ve been through together, he expected me to leave him alone here while he was slaughtered.  “Run.” He repeated. He was absolutely unbelievable.
            “Are you serious?” I said. “You expect me to just leave you here, like a…. like a coward?” I spat the last word with venom in my voice. “After all this time? After everything? What are you thinking?”
            He turned around to face me. The fire kept his face in shadows, but I could still see his frail frame tremble, the flames behind him casting a fiery outline. The tears streamed down his bony cheeks, his face made gaunter by the firelight. But he didn’t look sad, he looked angry, and for the first time in my life I felt scared of him. “For God’s sake, Cassandra!” He shouted, his fists clenched by his sides. “Do you think this is easy for me? To let you go on your own? You’re all I have! I have nothing left to lose! I’ll go after her, and you run!”
            “Jose, I-“
            “GO!” he yelled. “I’ll help her, you just need to leave.” Then I could feel it. He wasn’t going to let me stay, and he wasn’t going to come with, and no matter what I did I couldn’t make him. I could hear a shout and heard the footsteps crunching on the rocks, gaining on us.
            He rested his head in his hands. “Please…Please Cassandra…”
            I could feel the tears welling up inside my eyes. “I don’t know if I can do that…”
            “Do it for me. Please, for God’s sake….One of us has to make it. This can’t all have been for nothing….”
            I stood on the spot for a minute, just watching him, taking in everything about who he was right now. He was the picture of bravery and at the same time one of despair. I felt my heart sink as I perused his features. He was so thin; I knew he wasn’t going to last much longer. My heart thudded dully in my chest and my stomach turned over, but I managed to tear my gaze away. There was no time for hugs and goodbyes, no time for dwelling on his loss. I could hear them getting closer. With a final glance at him and an “I love you.” I sprinted from him. I ran as far as my legs could carry me before I collapsed. That night as I hid like a vermin in a cave, I heard the final screams of my only family torn from the living, and knew I was alone in the world.
2 Days Earlier
            I walked leisurely across the plains; best take my time if I didn’t want to dehydrate myself. I kept my eyes straight ahead, examining some of the crops I might want to pick later. I guess I should have been paying attention to my feet, because I crashed to the ground and ended up by a young boy in the grass. I jumped a bit and started apologizing but then I saw the flies gathering at the corners of his eyes and lips. I sighed and closed his searching eyes with my fingers and smoothed the wispy hair back from his bony, bleeding face. How frail he looked. The outline of his ribs were visible from outside his tattered t-shirt and he looked like you could snap his waist between thumb and forefinger. He probably ran away from one of the nearby campgrounds a while ago by the look of his body. I checked for signs of dehydration and I found many. I’m guessing no one taught him how to remove the salt from the water or that he had no way to reach the water that lapped against the mountains. Well, my staying here wouldn’t help either of us, so I looked away from him and stood back up.
            It was time to move on. I trudged through the dried grass plains for a few minutes before I noticed the dryness in my throat. I was so thirsty; I looked over the edge of the cliff to see the ocean lapping its wet tongue against the mountain. I licked my chapped lips. The water looked so satisfying, but I knew I couldn’t drink it. Instead I swallowed and looked around at my surroundings. The plain I was on was more of a large mesa on a mountain. The ones that survived escaped to places like these before the flood actually happened. Luckily for me, that included my grandparents.
            About a century ago, the people on Earth had allowed the sea levels to rise to dangerous points because of the global warming they had caused. Eventually, the water rose until it was rushing in through the continents. North America promised safety, and people of all races and ethnicities migrated to survive, believing they would be kept alive. Eventually, the people still alive managed to work together to build an enormous dam around all borders of the continent. Things were well, but the sea levels were still rising, people scrambled and scrambled to make a dam until it must’ve been a mile high. But one day, it was inevitable really, the dam collapsed.
            The water rushed in and devoured everything that had been loved without an ounce of pity; it had been waiting for half a century. The wise, or perhaps just paranoid, ones had escaped to the highest peaks they could find, before it happened, and that’s how some were still alive. That’s how I ended up here, on the South Mountains, next to a dead body, .37 miles above water so refreshing looking that I could not drink. I knew a way to filter it, but that would require lighting a fire, something that would take too much time; I had to get back to camp with the food.
            I had memorized the ins and outs of this mountain since I was five; which included knowing just the right way to get back home within half an hour. Our campground was fairly large, on the side of the mountain face that pointed away from what used to be Phoenix.  We had around one hundred people in this area of the campground, and we heard there were a few others like this scattered around Arizona (for the most part it was an unconfirmed rumor except for one group we knew lived on The Estrellas, whom we simply called “The Estrellas”). Looking out into every direction from here all that could be seen was the saltwater that splashed all sides of the craggy mountains.  
We had a fair share of crops near us as well, but there were more crops growing farther out that I wanted to collect today. I carried the crops in my bag over to my brother’s and my tent. “I’m back.” I whispered as I approached the tent, just in case he was asleep. There was no answer and I entered.  No one there. I walked back out and realized that I didn’t hear anyone talking nor see anyone. “Hello?” I said. No response.
            I made my way around the grounds, looking in every tent I passed and every single one was empty. I stood on the spot and jumped when I realized how stupid I had been this morning. In my rush to leave, I forgot that we had a meeting with some of the people from the Estrella Mountains today. I filled my bottle up with the water from the reserve and took a few gulps before I ran off to find everyone.
            There were meeting on the side of the mountains facing Phoenix, in front of the highest peak. I ran as fast as I could without tripping, checking my watch as I went. After ten minutes I could see figures in the distance and began to slow down to check my watch. It was only eleven forty; barely ten minutes late. I jogged the rest of the way and made it just as the leader of the Estrella group, Anita Secunda walked to the front of the crowd to give some more news.
            Where we met wasn’t a very officious looking area, but we did the best we could with a mountain. There was a makeshift podium made out of large rocks we had tied together with cord and it was surrounded by a series of large boulders where everyone was now settling down. I speed walked over and slid into my usual place next to my brother. “You’re late” he whispered through his teeth, staring straight ahead.
            “Sorry, Jose.” I whispered.  “What did I miss?”
            “Just the usual: we need to preserve water, be careful when filtering, there’s another run away kid, we can make it through this rah rah rah.” He wrinkled his nose and smiled. “You stink.”
            “You’re one to talk.” He faked a hurt expression and punched my shoulder.  The Estrella leader at the podium cleared her throat and we quickly fell silent.
            “Thank you for the weekly announcements.” She said nodding at one of the Estrella men. Of course we’re going to want to do even more tests, but we believe we’ve made a huge scientific breakthrough even with our limited resources.  Now I’d like to invite Abena Mcunday, Yolatzin Rodriguez, and Will Schuster up to help display this.” At this point three children walked “onstage”.
            “Go ahead Abena.” Anita smiled reassuringly at the girl. Abena was a small, trembling girl. Her skin seemed even darker in the shade of the mountains and small flecks of sweat seemed to pop up on it as I watched.  After a minute or so she finally managed to speak. “I’m sorry Abena, we didn’t quite catch that.” Anita said gently.
            Abena cleared her throat and managed to squeak loud enough for us to hear her. “I’m Abena and I’ve been drinking saltwater for two months.” There was a resounding silence in which the other children quickly took the opportunity to say their part.
            “I’m Yolatzin and I’ve been drinking saltwater for three months.”
            “I’m Will and I’ve been drinking saltwater for one month.”
            The mountains were more silent than ever. All that could be heard was the crashing of the waves against the mountains and the wind.  Anita’s beaming smile at the audience began to fade. “Don’t you understand? They’ve been drinking nothing but saltwater for months, and they’re all fine!”
            There was another pause before the leader of our group spoke.  “How?”
            “Finally, a good question.” Her smile returned. “For that I’d like to invite up our leading researcher on the project: Kate Weston.” She gestured for the woman to walk up to the podium and speak.
            “Yes, thank you for that, Anita. My group and I have made a major discovery the last few months.  As we know as it’s been such a struggle for us, we can’t drink the water surrounding us because it’s filled with salt.  But why is that? If you didn’t know, it’s because of the concentration gradient at work within our own cells. When we drink saltwater, what we are drinking had a higher concentration of solute than our cells do. Because of this, our cells release water in order to create equilibrium.
            This causes us to become thirstier and dehydrated when we drink the water, but what if we didn’t have to?  Albatross have glands near their eyes that pump out the excess water and other fish that live in saltwater have their kidneys pump out the excess salt into their urine. We simply transferred the few genes that make up this trait into the fish.”
            There was another round of silence until the leader of our group spoke. “You did what?”
            “Oh, sorry, let me repeat myself. I said that we made it so they could drink salt-“
            “I heard what you said.”
            “Oh, good. So anyways, as you can see if you observe near Yolatzin’s eyes-“
            “I-I can’t believe this. You… you made these children into experiments….” He said slowly.
            “Come now, Jonathan, they’re still children Why does everyone seem so horrified? Don’t you realize how great this is?” This seemed to hit a nerve.
            “Great? GREAT?! You’ve turned these children into one of your little science experiments!” At this point Anita stepped in front of Kate to argue.
            “They’re helping us!”
            “At what cost? You’ve changed them into... into…. Animals!”  The air seemed to turn cold and the children shrank back at Jonathan’s words.  Animals? I looked over at the kids. They seemed just like any other children; I doubted they were wild beasts. Honestly, it seemed like he was over-reacting. This seemed like a great idea. The possibilities! To finally drink the saltwater that tempted us for so many years was almost a dream. But I understood his anger. Anita should’ve consulted with everyone first before pulling this. But really, she had no malicious intent. There was murmuring amongst the groups and I looked over at Anita.  She seemed to choose her next words carefully by the slow pace at which she began speaking.
            “Look, they’re still children.” She began, glancing over to see if Jonathan had his temper under control. His face showed no expression, but I could see his hands shaking. “The only thing that’s changed is that now they can drink salt water. Nothing else has been damaged within them, and they’re perfectly fine. We’ve had them keep a log every single day since the procedure to document if they’ve observed anything strange in themselves. And guess what? Everything’s fine.”
            “I don’t think you understand what you’ve done…..”
            Anita sighed and pushed her glasses farther up her nose. “I really don’t Jonathan, please explain to me. I really want to understand where you’re coming from on this.”
            “You’ve changed how they evolved. It isn’t natural.”
            “You know what? It isn’t. But neither is the material your tents are made from, or the clothes on your back. We’ve altered things. We’ve even altered the water we drink water so it no longer has salt in it. We have to alter a lot of things to survive.”
            “But we’re not things! This is against nature’s design!” Anita seemed to almost laugh at this.
            ‘Nature’s design? Nature’s design?! For God’s sake, Jonathan. The water that flooded years ago was the design of nature, but that doesn’t mean we have to suffer from it because it happened naturally.”
            “I think we have to deal with it in ways other than changing ourselves!”
            “But we-“
            “You know what?!” Jonathan snapped. Anita recoiled as did a majority of the crowd. “You and your people need to leave!”
            I knew Jonathan had a temper, but I didn’t think he’d go this far; maybe he’d finally snapped. Apparently no one else expected it or thought it was fair either because one of the members of the Estrella group protested. “Look, I’m sure we can-“
            “NOW!” Jonathan yelled.
            Everyone fell silent and Anita sighed and nodded at the Estrella group to do as he said.  The group stood up and began their walk to the end of the mountain, but Anita stayed to give one last thought. “Look, if you ever change your mind, you know how to contact us.  If you don’t change your mind-“, at this point she turned to our group.” - any of you are welcome to come to join us!” she nodded at us and walked back to the front of her group, leading them back home.
That was the last meeting we had with The Estrellas.
            “Well, I think Jonathan overreacted.” Jose said as he sat on his side of the tent and pulled off his socks. We had just returned after eating dinner and I was feeling a little tired of all the talk about what went on with The Estrellas.
            “Yeah, but I see where he’s coming from. She probably should’ve told us what she was doing.” I said. It was my usual response to when people at dinner had asked me what I thought of what happened.
            “Well… think of it as a sort of… birthday surprise for Jonathan.”
            I made a face at that. “Happy birthday, my eye glands secrete salt?”
            “ Eh….Something like that. I mean it really is his birthday today.” He said pulling himself under the covers of his cot.
            “Maybe he’s so mad because they didn’t announce it in the weekly news.”
            “They did actually, which you would’ve known if you had bothered to show up on time….” He said pointedly.
            I raised my hands in front of myself in defense. “Hey, hey, hey I was doing my chores. Unlike someone.“
            “Well someone already had their chores done.  
            “Oh, sorry, oh diligent worker. I obviously should’ve known that.” He just shrugged at me and nodded. “You’re dumb and I’m going to sleep.” I replied, bundling myself in my blankets.
            “Oh I’m dumb? Hmmm….I forget.....Who was it that didn’t know that there are eight planets in the solar system. Was it? It couldn’t be….You?” I threw my socks at him and he ducked. “OH, for the sake of fresh air, spare everyone’s lives and keep your socks on!”
            “You asked for it.”
            “You’ve gone too far this time. Neither I nor my nose can forgive you.”
            “Just blow out the candle and go to sleep.” I sighed. With an exaggerated breath he blew out the candle and was knocked out within minutes. It really was remarkable how fast that kid could fall asleep, no matter the circumstances or noise, his sleep waited for no one.
            I, myself, tossed and turned but the land of sleep evaded me.  Eventually I resigned to roll onto my back and watch the stars through the mesh ceiling of our tent. It was weird; how the sky used to look. I pulled a photograph I had been gazing at the other day from under my pillow. It was from my grandmother’s album my dad had given me some years back, the picture was captioned “Night Sky, 2020”. She wrote a little note on the back on how nice it looked and how big the universe was, but you could literally only see one constellation.
            But this sky, now this was a full sky. The stars glowed white and blue, smattered in tons of clusters across a black void. Everything was quiet and I felt I could gaze at the whole universe as I listened to the water crash against my home. The ocean seemed to crash angrily at the mountain, like it hadn’t had its fill, it wanted this as well. I wanted to look at the stars, but I didn’t want to hear the water so I put a pillow over me face and attempted to block the roar of water from my ears.
             I was drifting through the ocean, letting the push and pull of the tides move me as it pleased. My throat felt dry and I gulped in some of the salty water until I felt bloated. I looked around at the ocean and saw what I had only seen in drawings: the city of Phoenix lay below me, submerged in water with buildings sunken and worn away. I swam towards one of the buildings and saw my reflection off the glass, a solitary albatross. I was going to swim through one of the open windows, but in my reflection I saw something glowing behind me.
            I swam back towards what I had seen, and saw upon closer examination that the strange object floating before me wasn’t glowing, but just shining. It was shaped like an incomplete “U” and had a worm floating on the end of it and I felt like I had seen it before, but I couldn’t quite place it. All I know is that even though it had food on the end, it made me feel nervous, so I gulped some more water and once more watched the salt leave the glands at the corners of my eyes.
            Instinct told me I should just swim away, but I could feel that my stomach was empty and I couldn’t remember the last time I ate. I placed my mouth on the object to remove the worm and felt pain shoot through my mouth as whatever the object was tore through the roof of my mouth. I tried to extricate myself from whatever it was, but before I could, I felt the water rush by my sides as I rose higher and higher from the ocean floor. I was stuck, and the object tore its way further and further into the roof of my mouth as I was lifted from the water.
            I thrashed and thrashed, but soon I could feel I was not home anymore. I couldn’t figure out where I was, but I couldn’t breathe. I gasped and gasped for water but there was none where I was and I was terrified. I continued moving until I was wriggling in front of two men, one holding the device that had caught me. A fishing pole and a hook, I remembered now, but it was a little too late.
            “Oh, I like the size of this one.” One of them said.
            “I don’t know Jonathan, it’s a little small, maybe we should just release it and try again?”
            “Oh, no. A fish is a fish.” He smiled and pulled a knife from his pocket and inserted it as far as he could into the area below my neck. I could feel my body split in two as he dragged the object through my body to the tip of my tail.
            I woke up with a start and clutched at my neck. Still intact, I was fine. I lay in my bed and sighed as I wiped at the sweat that formed beads on my forehead. It was just a weird dream I didn’t need to make a big deal of, and by the look of the dim sky through the mesh ceiling, I might as well get up.
            I could hear Jose snore quietly as I got up and walked quietly over to the mirror and washbasin that stood at the end of the tent. My face was noticeably flushed, so I wet a washcloth with saltwater and wiped my face. My hair was knotted so I brushed it as well, but by the feel of it I needed to clean it. I walked out of my tent and onto the grass outside.
            Everyone seemed to be asleep, so now was as good a time as ever to go for a swim. I went back inside the tent and grabbed some soap, and on an impulse I grabbed a pair of goggles as well, and within ten minutes or so I was in the ocean. The water was cold, but I couldn’t really do anything about it except submerge myself and wait to get used to it.
            I looked at the rock where I had placed my stuff and wondered why I had brought goggles. I hadn’t had a desire to look at what was in the ocean before, and besides I doubt I could actually see anything, the ocean was black right now in the gray light of dawn. Still I felt curiosity get the better of me and I grabbed the goggles and placed them on my head. Might as well.
           I held a breath of air and began my decent into the inky depths of the water, swimming away from the water. Right away I could see this was going to be a lost cause. The water was too dark for my gaze to penetrate, but I still swam on until I was as low and far as I could go with my small supply of air.
            I rose back to the surface with a gasp and lay back on the water as I caught my breath. I wasn’t sure what I expected to find, but whatever it was wasn’t there for me to see today. I resigned to return to shore and actually clean myself. Maybe I’d try again tomorrow.
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            I finished pulling on my shoes and walked back to the campsite. By now most people were awake and were walking around to do their daily chores or walking over to the bulletin to check what they had to do today. I walked over and checked what I had to do for today and ran my finger down the list of assignments today.
            Cassandra Chavez-Water Filtration
            It wasn’t the most preferable job, but it was better than getting stuck having to get rid of the waste.  I walked over to my tent and grabbed a bucket for water while Jose sat on his cot, pulling on his shoes.
            “What are you doing with a bucket?” he asked.
            “I have water filtration duty today.”
            “We have a meeting in twenty minutes. Let’s go” he said standing up.
            “That’s surprising, I didn’t think we’d have another meeting with The Estrellas so soon after Jonathan lost his temper. “ I said as we began to walk towards the meeting.
            “Yeah, maybe he’s cooled down.”
            “Maybe.” I said, but it just didn’t feel right. Jonathan had been absolutely furious about what Anita and The Estrellas had done. His temper’s bad, but his stubbornness in his ideals is ten times worse. His parents were extremely conservative in their beliefs, and they had taught him to believe the same. To him, this whole affair would’ve gone against everything he had been brought up to believe in. He wouldn’t forgive Anita that easily for what had happened.
            We arrived at the meeting spot and sat down with the other people in our groups.  “Where are all The Estrellas?” I whispered. Looking around, all that could be seen was our group; the usual space The Estrellas occupied during our meetings was vacant.
            “Maybe he hasn’t forgiven them…” he replied. Everyone was quiet for a few more minutes before we saw Jonathan approach the microphone.  
            “Good morning, everyone.” He said, nodding at the crowd. “I know my response yesterday may have come as a shock to all of you, but after reflecting I still truly believe it was the best course of action. The Estrellas have done something unforgivable, and for that I have decided that we are no longer to associate with any of them until they apologize and sign a contract saying they will never do anything of the sort they pulled ever again.”
            There was murmuring amongst the crowd and I felt a surge of anger that twisted my stomach into knots. This man wasn’t our dictator, this was supposed to be a democracy and I didn’t see any voting or discussion going on. He was unstable, and he wasn’t allowed to make these decisions for us, he obviously hadn’t thought this through and didn’t realize how much we relied on the Estrellas. Before I could even think about it, I spoke up, “But we get half our water from the Estrellas.” I interrupted, “They have a far more advanced filtration system.”
            “Cassandra!” Jose hissed through his teeth. There were whispers in the crowd and Jonathan stared at me, as if he couldn’t believe someone would question such a stupid idea.
            “That is not your decision to make, Cassandra. And you would do well to stay silent when your leader is speaking.”
            “Exactly, you’re our leader, not our dictator. Since when did we decide as a group to no longer associate with The Estrellas?”
            “We didn’t, but this is what’s best for you.”
            “Who are you to decide that?!”
            “You’re leader! Now shut your mouth!” His face was red and he was breathing heavily. I stared him down for a few more seconds before I stiffly took my seat.
            “Now as I was saying before that interruption, “ he said, finally tearing his gaze away, “We are to cut off all contact with The Estrellas. What they have done to innocent children is an abomination, and the idea that the parents consented and even embraced that is, frankly, disgusting. It’s vile and beyond nature’s laws. I do hope you all understand, any disagreements are to be brought to me. All of you are under no circumstances to fraternize with those animals, and if you do, there will be severe consequences.” He said, his gaze fixing on me as he spoke.
0
            I quickly and untidily shoved clothes and my few other belongings in my bag,  Jose walked into the tent and looked at me dumbfounded. “What are you doing?” he said, stepping out of my way as I walked over to grab my canteen.
            “I’ve decided it’s time for a change in scenery.”
            “…..What do you mean..?” he said, his eyebrows furrowed.
            “So long South Mountains, hello Estrellas.”
            “You’re leaving?! How far do you think you’ll get? Jonathan’s suspicious of you now after that whole argument at today’s meeting; he’ll be on the lookout for you.”
            “Which is why I’m leaving at night. You have until midnight to decide if you’ll come with me. I’ll be waiting on the side facing the Estrellas.”
            “I’ll come with you, obviously.” He said sincerely. “But we need to very careful.” He checked his watch, “It’s 11:44, we might as well leave now, Jonathan goes to sleep around nine anyways.”
            We spent the next ten minutes or so packing our belongings in silence. We exit the tent and I began to take the stakes out that kept it on the ground.
            “Wait. Won’t the tent being gone make it obvious right when Jonathan looks around that we’re gone?”
            “The tent being there would only buy us half an hour at best.” I said. “Besides, we don’t know if they have extra tents over at the Estrellas.”
            “Fine, I’ll help you.” We packed the tent in silence, and within half an hour we were at the mountain edge. But something was wrong.
          “Really?! Jonathan took the ladder leading down the mountain edge. We can’t reach the boats at the bottom.”
           We made it this far, I wasn’t going to let Jonathan stop us at the last minute. We couldn’t risk turning around, but I really didn’t want to have to do this. “We need to jump.”
            “It’s over 2500 feet!”
            “Look we don’t really have much of a choice; we’re going to fall anyways if we try to climb.”  
            Jose sighed and looked over the edge. “I really hate heights.”
            “Just keep your legs straight and you’ll be fine.” I said.
            “No, I’m going back to Jonathan’s tent to get the ladder.” He turned around and began to walk away.
            “We don’t have time!”
            “I’d rather not die.”
            He left and half an hour later he returned with the ladder and hung it over the cliff edge. “It doesn’t cover the whole drop, but it makes it considerable less dangerous.”
            “Good enough for me.” I said and began my descent, Jose following above me. We reached the end of the ladder and dropped our bags into the closest boat. Then we dropped ourselves into the freezing water while yanking down the ladder so we couldn’t be followed. Within minutes we were off and heading to the Estrellas.
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            It was five by the time we made it, and the sun was leaving streaks of pink and orange on the wispy clouds. We approached the side of the mountain and docked our boat with the others, making sure it wouldn’t float away in case we needed it again. We clambered up the ladder and on to the mountains. From here we could see the first strands of smoke rising into the sky from the campsite and began stumbling over the new terrain we had not yet adjusted to.
            By the time we made it to the campsite, a bead of sweat was trickling down my forehead and I was exhausted. It seemed that everyone in the campsite was gathered around the fire, eating what looked like fish and eggs. My stomach grumbled as we approached and everyone looked up.
            I few people jumped up from their places and I heard a woman mutter, “Looks like Jonathan’s sent a couple of Southies.”
            I really hated that nickname. “Oh, sorry, we should probably introduce ourselves.” I said. “I’m Cassandra and this is my brother Jose.”
            The same woman spoke “So what’d you come here for? You here as missionaries to preach us on Nature’s Design? Because we’re not interested.”
            I felt me face burn, but I went on, “Oh, no. Jonathan’s said a lot of things we disagree with. We came here to…. Live with you guys…”
            I heard a familiar voice speak and saw Anita round the corner of one of the tents, “Oh, of course. You’re more than welcome to stay with us. But what was so disagreeable in the South Mountains?”
            “Jonathan.” Jose said simply. “We disagree what he’s said about you guys and he said we’re cutting off all trade with you. We also know that we rely on you a lot for water and feel that we’d be happier living in The Estrellas.”
            “The more the merrier.” She beamed. “And you’re just in time for breakfast.” We weren’t expecting such a warm welcome and so we sat down somewhat awkwardly within the circle as two plates of food were handed to us. We ate and spent the day in comfort within the company of a group of people I seemed to like more as the day progressed. So by the end of it I was content with our choice as we set up our tent and wrapped ourselves in the blankets we had brought.
            I had just gotten comfortable when there was a soft rap on one of our tent poles. I sighed and sat back up; it was probably that crazy lady from breakfast earlier coming here to tell me off. I fumbled for a match and lit the candle by my bedside; Jose grumbled and covered his eyes with his arm. “I’ll just be a minute.” I said, and made my way to the tent opening
            “Oh, Anita. What are you doing?” I said as I stepped outside.
            “Sorry, it’s so late.” She said. “I just need to talk to you about some things.
            “What things?”
            “Well, Jonathan, specifically.” She sighed. “I’m worried that he’s going to come after you two. Now of course we’d help protect you guys, but you’ve seen how he gets. He’s very stubborn, and I don’t think he’ll like it once he knows you’re here.”
            “He probably already does, seeing as we left last night.”
            “Well, anyways. I just wanted to let you know to be on the lookout for him, just in case.”
            “Yeah, of course.” I said. “I understand your concern, but I think we’ll be fine.”
            She nodded and was about to walk away, but she stopped, facing away from me. “Do you think I did the right thing?” she said quietly.
            “What?”
            “For the children. I just don’t want them to die of something that we know how to prevent. But things like this always happen; people are discriminated against for things that make them different.  My grandparents were killed here because they were black. That’s not really a problem anymore, but now we have a new era of prejudice, all because we’re trying to survive. Things don’t need to be this way.”
            I said nothing, I couldn’t really think of anything to say, but I didn’t have to because she went on. “I know, it’s in human nature, but I think we can change things. People need to accept that these children are still people, that this trait changes nothing else about us.” At this point she turns around to face me.  “But you and your brother, you came here even though you grew up under such a conservative leader. You are a symbol that things can change. We’re going to have a meeting tomorrow about this. No one should be discriminated against because they’re trying to survive and hurting no one… And no one should have to die from something so preventable.” She smiled. “We’ll make things right with The Southies.”
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            I dreamed of a screaming boy that night. It was a quick and sharp dream, but I still felt a chill run down my spine as I woke up. I really had to get over these nightmares; I had no idea why they kept happening but I really was not enjoying the experience. I cracked open an eye and saw it was still pitch black outside and decided to go back to sleep. I closed my eyes again, and there again was another blood curdling scream, this time it was a girl.
            I jolted up in my bed. It wasn’t a dream. I jumped out of bed and shook Jose hard on the shoulder. I hadn’t really noticed how thin he was before now, maybe it was the moon shining from the tent, but his face seemed gaunter than usual and the bones of his shoulder seemed to delve into my hands. He really needed to eat more, but we were getting plenty fed here, the only problem now was waking him up. I continued shaking him but he continued to breathe deeply and sleep on. I could hear the screaming continue and gave up on Jose; I sprinted from the tent to where the cries were coming from.
            I burst into the tent the cries were coming from and stood panting as the moonlight shone on the scene presented before me.  I almost vomited on the spot. There lay three children on the floor, or what looked like what used to be children. Their bodies were split in half from their necks down, gutted like fish with blood forming a crimson pool at their sides as their blood drained. I looked closer at the faces and felt another surge of vomit. It was the kids from the meeting, the ones who had been modified to drink saltwater. The glands near their eyes had an “X” mark through them and they all lay staring blankly at the ceiling of their tent, their mouths lay open like trout.
            I ran out of the tent and to the center of the campsite. At this point everyone was awake and running from the campsite in all directions; I was immediately wondering why but then I smelled the smoke. I turned back to where I left and saw that now a majority of the tents were on fire, including the children’s tent.
            Then I saw Jonathan. I couldn’t believe it. He must have done this to the children; and he had said that they were animals! Whatever fog there was left lifted and I saw him for what he truly was: a beast, a beast that was hunting someone down in the distance, and when I squinted my eyes I saw the prey was Anita. I began to run after her when someone grabbed my shoulder. I elbowed them in the gut, freeing myself enough to turn around; ready to defend myself butI saw it was Jose. I sighed in relief and hugged him.
            “Are you okay?” I asked.
            “Besides the elbow in the gut? Yeah, I’m good.”
            “Sorry about that.” I said. “Did you see what happened?”
            “Yeah, all the tents are on fire; we need to go.”
            I shook my head and pulled away, looking over into the distance where I had seen Anita. “We have to go after Anita, I saw Jonathan chasing after her”
            “What? What happened? Did he do this?”
            “Yes, and he murdered those three kids from the meeting!”
            “Not Jonathan! I mean I know that man has a bad temper, but murder! I think that’s a little beyond him.”
            “He’s not a man, he’s an animal.” I said. “He murdered them and now he’s gone to murder Anita.”
            “Well she’s on her own; I’m sorry.”
            “She took us in! We need to return the favor.”
            “Not with our lives!” He turned away from me and faced the crackling fire. I stayed quiet for a minute and let him contemplate whatever it was he was thinking about. After a minute he finally spoke with a grave tone, “Run.”

           


                        

Thursday, May 8, 2014

Documentary

This is the documentary my group and I completed based on our seven step processes (mine is the previous post). 


https://www.wevideo.com/hub/#media/ci/189553032 

7-Step Process

This semester, I have been working on a process to work towards addressing an issue related to food production. I have learned a lot and will be uploading the documentary I made with three other people relating to my process below and the process the others in my group went through. Here is what I went through in order to address this problem: 

1. What’s the problem?
Pests in United States agricultural farms are becoming resistant to insecticides used on them.

2a. What are the causes/drivers of this problem?
  • Farmers
  • Public
  • Pesticide Manufacturers
  • Pests

b. What are the root causes of the drivers?-use the 5-why’s strategy
Farmers: Farmers are using pesticides that the pests are becoming resistant to -> They need to keep their crops safe -> Pests feed constantly off of them -> The pests have a constant supply of food -> The farmers are practicing monocropping -> There is a high demand for certain crops
Public: The public is making farmers use pesticides on their crops -> the farmer has to make more crops -> The public is demanding more crops -> Their population is increasing -> There is more food for them to consume -> More food is being produced
Pesticide Manufacturers: Provide farmers with pesticides -> They make money off producing pesticides -> Farmers need a way to protect their crops -> Pests are eating their crops -> There’s an abundance of them -> Farmers are monocropping
Pests: Pest are the reason farmers are using pesticides-> Farmers don’t like them -> The pests are consuming the crops -> They have an easily accessible supply -> There’s monocropping -> Farmers only produce certain types of crops

c.Who is impacted by the problem and how are they impacted (this includes both positive and negative impacts)?
Pesticide Using Farmers: Have to buy increasing amounts of pesticides in order to keep up with the resistance in pests. This would cost them more and more money and then once the pest was fully resistant they would need to purchase a new type of pesticide, costing them more money. The pests would also be feeding on their crops unopposed, causing a loss of money due to not being able to sell as much crops.
Public: Would have crops that have been heavily treated with pesticides if the farmer can sell them, and if the farmers lose a lot of crops prices would go up due to there being less crops in stock from farms to sell.
Pesticide Manufacturers: Would be making more money because farmers would keep purchasing pesticides to use on their farms.
Pests: The pesticides would be killing out the weaker of the pests and would leave the ones immune to the pesticides to breed and produce a new generation of offspring immune to the pesticides. The immune pests would have all the food they needed.
Grocery Stores: Grocery stores might be less stocked on produce depending on how much the farmer sells and the prices would go up as a result. The store might also run the risk of losing money if they aren’t as in stock with produce.
Organic Farmers: Organic farmers that don’t use pesticides might have more opportunities to sell their products since the farmers using pesticides are decreasing and causing less competition. The organic farmers could make more money off of this than they usually do.
Bees: Pesticides are suspected of causing Colony Collapse Disorder

d. How can we quantify the causes of the problem and the impacts of the problem?
Pesticide Using Farmers: Cost of the most common pesticide, how much pesticides the average farmer uses annually, the percentage of farmers that practice monocropping, the average yield for farmers who practice monocropping vs. farmers who don’t practice monocropping, how much pests account for in terms of crop loss
Public: Annual consumption of produce in the U.S., U.S. population growth, produce demand in the U.S., how much the U.S. consumer spends on produce annually.
Pesticide Manufacturers: The price of pesticides, percentage of farmers that use pesticides, how often farmers purchase pesticides
Pests: Percentage of farms with pests, percentage of crops pests consume on farms that use pesticides vs. farms that don’t
Grocery Stores: Annual purchase of produce to stores annually, percent of profits from produce
Organic Farmers: Average organic farmer salary

e. Who is already working to address the problem and what are they doing?
Exacto Inc.-Created Synthex DC 5 AMS, a combination of herbicides designed to help ease herbicide resistance
Organic Farmers- Don’t use pesticides and so avoid the problem of pesticide resistance
Beyond Pesticides- Program working to rid  the world of pesticides “by identifying the risks of conventional pest management practices and promoting non-chemical and least toxic management alternatives. The organization's primary goal is to effect change through local action, assisting individuals and community-based organizations to stimulate discussion on the hazards of toxic pesticides, while providing information of safe alternatives.”

f. Select a root cause of a driver of the problem you identified that you will address moving forward in the 7-step process.
Monoculture farming requires pesticide use.

3. Envisioning the problem in 5, 10, and 20 years

5 Years
It’s been five years and the issue of pesticide resistance in pests is becoming less of an issue. Farms all over the United States have come up with a few solutions to help aid the problem, though it is far from eradicated. Farmers are realizing that pesticides are just going to keep costing them more and more money, so many farmers have turned to organic farming.
Since these solutions took a while, the price of produce has gone up and the public is not as satisfied, pesticide manufacturers are not making as much money since there is less demand for their products, and pests are not required to have immunity to pesticides to survive, so there is a mix of resistant and non-resistant pests.
Bees have also been making positive progress. Colony Collapse Disorder has become less common since many farmers have turned to organic farming, and if they haven’t they have at least have stopped monocropping which has provided the bees with more to choose from.

10 Year
            It’s been ten years since the problem with pest resistance was beginning to be solved and things are much better. Farms in the United States have come up with a variety of solutions so that pest resistance isn’t such a problem. Most farmers are organic so that a bug’s resistance doesn’t even matter, but some farmers still stick to pesticides.
Regardless of whether or not the farm uses pesticides, most farms now practice having refugia on their farms. This is where there is a section separate from the important crops on the farm that provides as a distraction from the important crops so the pests don’t eat as much of those.
As a result, the price of produce has decreased to the public’s relief, so many people who didn’t originally have access to nutritious food now have access to it. Pest resistance is less severe on pesticide using farms and not important on organic farms, so pests are still thriving, though pest manufacturers are making less money than ever. In the opposition, farmers are making more money, leading to less debt and stress on their part.

20 Years
            It’s been twenty years since pest resistance began to really be solved, and things are steadily improving. Pest resistance is hardly important on farms anymore and people are able to move on to more pressing issues.
            Produce prices have remained about the same due to farmers not having to buy pesticide costs but gas prices for transport have increased. Farmers are still making more money, pests have a constant food supply, and pesticide manufacturers aren’t making as much money. Overall, solving pesticide resistance would be beneficial for many people in many different ways.

4. What could we do about the problem and why would we do it?

a. Who is already addressing the issue of monoculture & what are they doing (local & global)?
African Journal of Food Science and Technology: Testing out refugia, which is basically where you have your crops you intend to use, and of to the side of your field you have a smaller section for the pests to run rampant in. This way there is less pesticide resistant bugs on the normal field, so if you spray it with pesticides and the immune bugs reproduce, there is less immune pests than there would be if there was monocropping.
Matina Donaldson-Matasci: Social insect behavior researcher at U of A who proposes that we
“convince farmers to plant a wider variety of crops and let weeds grow on crop margins, and persuade landowners to maintain wild habitat near agricultural land.” because monocropping badly affects bees.

b.Similar root causes of other problems in other places and things being done I could learn from
Extraction of minerals from soil is a problem in farming as well. The nutrients from the soil  on farms are less every round of crops. The root cause of this problem that can be solved is that the soil isn’t getting a break from crops so the nutrients deplete for the next round. One of the solutions to this is crop rotation. In crop rotation the field is divided into four parts, three are used immediately to grow three different types of crops, and the remaining one is the “resting field”. After the three fields’ crops are harvested, the crops rotate over one plot so that there is a new resting field each time. From this we can learn that instead of monoculture, we might also want to consider using more than one crop.

Another problem has been Colony Collapse Disorder in bees. One possible root cause has been a type of pesticides called neonicotinoids as well as monocropping. It has been suggested that these brands of pesticides quit being used and that farmers plant flowers around their crops as the bees need flowers to survive. From this I learned that bees are also something I need to take into consideration when developing my strategy.

c.Gather information from stakeholders on what they think should be done to address the root cause (environmental, social, economic)


d.Strategies
  • Companion Gardening: Farmers would plant other plants amongst their plant they’re going to sell. This would ensure that the pests would have more things to go after and pesticides would not be needed. This would also encourage pollination and help repel pests if certain strong herbs were planted.
  • Refugia: Refugia would maintain a separate area off the farm where pests could go to feed. Not all pests would go, but this would divert some away and cause less damage. Pesticides could still be sprayed on the original field and since there’s less pesticide resistant animals, and therefore they would breed less resistance into the next generation.

e. System to quantitatively evaluate strategies to align with vision (positive economic, social, and environmental)
  • Economics: How much money it will cost the farmers per year, how much money it will be compared to the normal cost of farming per year, how much the farmers can afford to spend per year, how much crop will this new process yield per year.
  • Social: Visitors to the farm within a year compared to a year when this plan was not in place, how much extra time (if any) do the farmers have because of the new plan.
  • Environmental: How much (if any) pesticides will be used with this plan within a month, how many pesticide resistant bugs will this leave on the farm after a year, how many bees and butterflies will there be on the farm after a year.

f.Pick a strategy
I pick using companion gardening.

5. What will we do about the problem and how will we accomplish this?
  • For this problem we need to implement the selected strategy on a farm that does not currently practice companion gardening. We need to figure out which plants of theirs are being eaten by pests and suggest compatible plants that will repel the pests. If they use pesticides, we need to encourage them not to do so and explain how companion gardening works. We will also encourage them to plant flowers within the farm to help promote bees to help with natural pollination.

a. What resources do you need and how will you use these resources?
We’re going to need a farm that is having trouble with pests and compatible plants and flowers for their farms to use. If we need to help plant, we will need soil as well.

b. Who in the community will you be involved with and how will you be involved with them?
I contacted Crooked Sky Farms and Maya’s Farm but neither replied so I need to try to get in touch with some others.

c. A specific timeline indicating who will be doing what and when?
Yosin, Luis, Brandon, and I were going to go to a farm to try to get them to practice companion gardening, but none of the farms responded, so we ended up trying to get people to do companion gardening on a smaller scale. We plan to go to Fry’s and try to interest people in our flyers on companion gardening and convince them to practice it on their own.

d. A way to evaluate how well your strategy is working and a plan to implement the evaluating of your strategy and any revisions/changes you will need to make if things are not working?
·         How many people agreed to begin practicing companion gardening or inform other people of it: the whole purpose was to get people to garden by themselves so that we could reduce all of the negative impacts caused by pesticides and monocultures.
If things are not working, we will use our guidelines listed above to help get us back on the right track and communicate with the people we are working with.

e. A detailed plan for how your strategy will be sustained into the future?
We hope that in the future we can actually work on a large scale and get farmers to practice companion gardening, but for now we influenced around eleven people to practice companion gardening and inform their friends of it. This strategy can be sustained into the future because we gave the people we surveyed charts on what plants go well with what so they can plant and all the negative impacts of monoculture and what companion gardening can do for them.

7. Reflect and adjust
For our implementation to solve our problems, we decided to try to get people to support and practice companion gardening which is a form of organic farming, by passing out flyers on its benefits and a chart that showed many types of produce that work well with one and another; for the implementation we went to a Fry’s on 67th ave and Camelback on April 26th. Some people didn’t want to talk to us, but some were open to asking questions and giving their own input on companion gardening and other environmental issues *cut to interview with Joy*
          We hoped that by doing this, we could get people to plant their own gardens and reduce the use of pesticides on farms or home gardens, reduce pesticide resistance in pests, reduce occurrences of CCD, and severe invasive species problems on farms. We might have only influenced a little over ten people that day, but we have hope that this can lead to something bigger. After all that is 10 more people that know more about companion gardening then before we started our implementation.  
We also created a survey to help us see if what we were doing was helping people to understand what companion gardening is, and also to see how many people already knew what companion gardening was before we talked to them. We asked them a variety of questions and here are our results:



As a group we started separately, but through connecting our problems through the lense of biodiversity, we were able to work together to try to lessen an issue.  We started on the level of individuals to try to spread the message of the need of biodiversity on farms and change the opinion of the people. We might’ve changed a few minds. But we feel to really make a difference; we need to take this project to a grander scale. To do this we could advocate for actual change on farms by showing them statistics of what people think of companion gardening and all the benefit it could do to their farm.